Indonesian Journal of Data and Science (IJODAS) is an electronic journal published by Yocto Brain. The journal publishes peer-reviewed original research articles in Data Science, Data Mining, Data Representation, and Applied Statistics. IJODAS is issued three times a year (March, July, and December). All manuscripts must be written in English and follow the journal’s guidelines and template requirements. IJODAS is indexed in SINTA 3 and reputable indexing databases. The journal is registered with the National Library of Indonesia and holds the ISSN 2715-9930. truk tangki https://isnujombang.org/ https://sushiteigroup.org/ https://kinleybistro.org/ https://ojs.ejournalunigoro.org/ https://nanyangroastery.com/ https://bistronomix.org/ https://palmbeachseafood.org/ https://ktbfuso.org/ https://tbpnickel.org/ https://chandra-asri.org/ https://akashainternational.org/ https://www.astra-daihatsu.org/ https://fksfs.com/ situs gacor https://pmb.sttw.ac.id/ https://procournal.indonesiafocus.net/
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Drug Recommendation Using Multilabel Classification with Decision Tree Based on Patient Complaints and Diagnoses
This study develops a drug recommendation system using multilabel classification with the Decision Tree algorithm based on patient complaint and diagnosis data from electronic medical records. The dataset consists of patient visit records from a community health center in Pangkajene and Kepulauan Regency and is transformed using multi-hot encoding. Model performance is evaluated under three dataset scenarios (N=500, N=800, and N=1000) using multilabel metrics, including Micro-F1, Samples-F1, Hamming Loss, Jaccard Similarity, Hit@5, Precision@K, and Recall@K. The best Decision Tree model achieved a Micro-F1 score of 0.292, Samples-F1 of 0.281, and Hit@5 of 0.690 on the N=1000 dataset scenario. Bootstrap validation with 1000 iterations indicates relatively stable performance, with narrow confidence intervals across evaluation metrics. These results show that the multilabel Decision Tree model is capable of capturing relationships between patient complaints, diagnoses, and drug therapies while maintaining an interpretable decision structure
Copyright (c) 2026 Muh Aristsyah Malik, Harlinda, Herdianti Darwis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Effect of Clinical Rule-Based Domain Filtering on the Performance of FP-Growth-Based Drug Recommendation Systems
This study analyzes the effect of domain filtering on drug recommendation systems based on association rule mining using the FP-Growth algorithm with Neural Collaborative Filtering (NCF) as a comparison. The dataset used was derived from patient medical records containing attributes such as complaints, diagnoses, and drug therapies, with a total of 1,000 patient transactions. To avoid data leakage, the dataset was randomly divided into 70% training data and 30% test data before the modeling process was carried out. Domain filtering was applied by limiting the rule structure so that complaints and diagnoses acted as antecedents and drugs as consequents. The performance of the recommendation system was evaluated using the Precision@5, Recall@5, and Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain (NDCG@5) metrics. The results of the experiment show that the FP-Growth approach with domain filtering produces higher Precision@5 and NDCG@5 values than the non-filtering approach. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test shows that the difference is statistically significant, while effect size analysis using Cliff's Delta shows a practically meaningful impact. Furthermore, a comparison with Neural Collaborative Filtering shows that the collaborative filtering-based approach is less effective on transactional clinical prescription data with limited historical interactions. These findings indicate that integrating medical domain knowledge into FP-Growth can improve the clinical relevance and quality of drug recommendation rankings
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Zaqly Luluang, Irawati, Herdianti Darwis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Implementation of an AI Agent Chatbot with a Dynamic Knowledge Base from Google Drive for Journal Information Service
This study presents the implementation of an AI agent chatbot to support journal information services on the Open Journal Systems (OJS) platform and the Telegram messaging application using a dynamic knowledge base sourced from Google Drive. The chatbot provides automated responses to user inquiries related to journal scope, publication fees, submission procedures, and review timelines, while allowing journal administrators to update information content without modifying the system. Functional testing results indicate that the chatbot delivers accurate and consistent information with acceptable response times across both platforms. The implementation demonstrates that integrating an AI agent chatbot with a dynamic knowledge base can enhance information accessibility, reduce administrative workload, and improve service efficiency in academic journal management
Copyright (c) 2026 Huzain Azis, Randika sakha Ramadani Putra Ahmad, Irawati Syahriawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Comparison of Naïve Bayes and SVM in Sentiment Analysis of ChatGPT for Learning on X and YouTube
The rapid development of artificial intelligence technology has encouraged users to actively express opinions on social media platforms such as X and YouTube, including discussions on the use of ChatGPT as a learning support tool. This study aims to analyze public sentiment toward the use of ChatGPT in learning contexts by comparing the performance of the Naïve Bayes and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification methods. A total of 5,500 comments from platform X and 5,543 comments from YouTube were collected through a crawling process using relevant keywords during the period from January 2023 to December 2025. The data were preprocessed and labeled into three sentiment classes (positive, negative, and neutral) using a lexicon-based approach with the INSET Lexicon. Feature extraction was conducted using the Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) method, and the dataset was divided into training and testing sets with an 80:20 ratio. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The results show that the SVM classifier consistently outperformed the Naïve Bayes method on both platforms. On platform X, SVM achieved an accuracy of 76.67%, while Naïve Bayes obtained 74.60%. On YouTube, SVM achieved an accuracy of 73.10%, significantly higher than Naïve Bayes at 62.04%. These findings indicate that SVM is more effective for sentiment analysis of social media data related to the use of ChatGPT in learning environments
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Putu Eka Swari, Ni Wayan Jeri Kusuma Dewi, Ni Ketut Utami Nilawati, Aniek Suryanti Kusuma, Ni Luh Wiwik Sri Rahayu Ginantra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Kodály Hand Sign Recognition from Hand Landmarks Using XGBoost
Introduction: Angklung is a traditional Indonesian musical instrument that continues to evolve through digital technology. However, computer vision–based gesture recognition for controlling physical angklung instruments remains limited. This study investigates landmark-based recognition of Kodály hand signs and evaluates its application for real-time angklung interaction. Method: Hand landmarks were extracted using MediaPipe Hands from RGB camera input. Each gesture was represented by 63 normalized numerical features derived from 21 landmarks. The dataset consists of 8,000 images representing eight Kodály gesture classes (Do–Do'). Gesture classification was performed using the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm. Model evaluation applied a subject-independent two-fold scheme using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and confusion matrix analysis. Real-time system trials were conducted under different lighting conditions and capture distances, and TCP communication with an ESP32 controller was evaluated. Results: The model achieved 96.63% accuracy in Fold 1 and 96.40% in Fold 2. Misclassifications were mainly observed between visually similar gestures, particularly La and Mi. Separate real-time system trials showed consistent recognition under bright lighting, while accuracy decreased under dim lighting, especially for Do (90%) and Mi (86.7%). Gesture recognition remained reliable up to approximately 1.5 m. TCP testing over 200 command events recorded 0% failed acknowledgments with a mean round-trip time of 87.36 ms. Conclusion: These indicate that landmark-based Kodály gesture classification using MediaPipe Hands and XGBoost can support real-time angklung interaction under controlled conditions, although improvements are needed for low-light environments and visually similar gestures
Copyright (c) 2026 Achmad Zulfikar, Farniwati Fattah, Andi Widya Mufila Gaffar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Comparing Sentiment Labeling with RoBERTa and IndoBERTweet on Public Opinion of Program Makan Bergizi Gratis
The Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) is a flagship program of the Prabowo Subianto administration launched in 2024, triggering diverse public responses on social media. Sentiment analysis using deep learning models offers an effective approach to understanding public opinion at scale. However, selecting the appropriate model for Indonesian social media text remains challenging. This study aims to compare the performance of two pretrained transformer models, RoBERTa Base and IndoBERTweet Base, in conducting automatic sentiment labeling on Indonesian tweets related to the MBG program using a zero-shot labeling approach without human-annotated ground truth. A total of 1,831 tweets were collected from platform X and preprocessed using case folding, normalization, and stopword removal. Both models were applied in parallel to label each tweet with sentiment categories (positive, neutral, negative) along with confidence scores. The comparison was evaluated using agreement rate, Cohen's Kappa, and confidence score analysis. RoBERTa Base exhibits a conservative tendency with 75.20% neutral labels, while IndoBERTweet Base produces a more balanced distribution (68.16% neutral). The comparison shows 77.28% agreement with Cohen's Kappa of 0.490 (Moderate Agreement). RoBERTa Base achieves higher confidence (mean: 0.9559, 83.01% above 0.95) compared to IndoBERTweet Base (mean: 0.9236, 68.65% above 0.95). IndoBERTweet Base is more effective in detecting negative sentiment, identifying nearly twice as many negative tweets (13.54% vs. 7.48%). This study recommends IndoBERTweet Base for exploratory research requiring sensitive sentiment detection and RoBERTa Base for precision-critical applications. An ensemble approach combining both models is recommended for production-critical applications
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Nur Rezky, Dolly Indra, Herdianti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Deep Learning-Based Blood Cell Image Classification Using ResNet18 Architecture
The classification of white blood cells (WBC) plays a critical role in haematological diagnostics, yet manual examination remains a labour-intensive and subjective process. In response to this challenge, this study investigates the application of deep learning, specifically the ResNet18 convolutional neural network architecture, for the automated classification of blood cell images into four classes: eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils. The dataset used comprises microscopic images annotated by cell type and is divided into training and validation sets with an 80:20 ratio. Standard pre-processing techniques such as image normalization and augmentation were applied to enhance model robustness and generalization. The model was fine-tuned using transfer learning with pre-trained weights from ImageNet and optimized using the Adam optimizer. Performance was evaluated through a comprehensive set of metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, mean squared error (MSE), and root mean squared error (RMSE). The best model achieved a validation accuracy of 86.89%, with macro-averaged precision, recall, and F1-score of 0.8738, 0.8690, and 0.8688, respectively. Lymphocyte classification yielded the highest F1-score (0.9515), while eosinophils posed the greatest classification challenge, as evidenced by lower precision and higher misclassification rates in the confusion matrix. Error-based evaluation further supported the model’s consistency, with an MSE of 0.7125 and RMSE of 0.8441. These results confirm that ResNet18 is capable of learning discriminative features in complex haematological imagery, providing an efficient and reliable alternative to manual analysis. The findings suggest potential for practical implementation in clinical workflows and pave the way for further research involving multi-model ensembles or cell segmentation pre-processing for improved precision
Sentiment Analysis of Student Comments on Facilities and Infrastructure at Instiki Using Retrieval Augmented Generation
This research was conducted to analyze the sentiment of student comments on infrastructure facilities at the Indonesian Institute of Business and Technology (INSTIKI) to overcome the problem of comment analysis that was previously done manually. The data used is in the form of student comments in 2024. The method used in this study is Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) with data labeling using Lexicon-Based. The test was carried out on three Large Language Models (LLMs), namely indobenchmark/indobert-base-p1, TinyLlama/TinyLlama-1.1B-Chat-v1.0, and w11wo/indonesian-roberta-base-sentiment-classifier. The test results showed that the indobenchmark/indobert-base-p1 model produced the highest accuracy of 80% in both test sessions compared to other models. The TinyLlama/TinyLlama-1.1B-Chat-v1.0 model produced 60% accuracy in session 1 and 65% in session 2, while the w11wo/indonesian-roberta-base-sentiment-classifier model produced 60% accuracy in both test sessions. The difference in the performance of these three LLMs shows that the model's understanding of Indonesian can affect the results of sentiment predictions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Putu Juliana Dewi, I Kadek Dwi Gandika Supartha, I Putu Yoga Indrawan, Ketut Jaya Atmaja https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Sales Forecasting Analysis Using Fuzzy Time Series and Simple Linear Regression Methods at Toko Ari
Introduction: Forecasting, often referred to as prediction, can actually help assess conditions or predict future sales. In the business world forecasting is crucial because it can help companies plan their future operations especially when faced with sudden increases and decreases in sales and stockpiles. Especially in retail forecasting is extremely helpful in purchasing merchandise, managing inventory in the warehouse, and reducing losses due to changing customer preferences. Ari's shop, located on Jalan Raya Samu, Singapadu Kaler, Gianyar, Bali, also experiences increases and decreases in monthly sales. Therefore, it is hoped that this sales forecasting can help maintain more stable and smooth operations. Methods: This study used two methods to forecast sales: Fuzzy Time Series (FTS) and Simple Linear Regression (SLR), to predict figures from Ari's shop's monthly sales data. Both methods use the same dataset, which is Ari's Store sales data for 13 months, from January 2024 to January 2025. The forecast results are then compared using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), which measures the model's accuracy in predicting results. Results: Based on the sales forecasts performed, both models produced fairly accurate predictions due to their low MAPE values, below 10%. Of the two methods, Simple Linear Regression provided more accurate results with a MAPE of 3.57%. Meanwhile, the Fuzzy Time Series method produced a MAPE of 5.53%. This difference in values indicates that the linear regression model is more appropriate for Ari's Store sales data, especially since the data pattern tends to follow a linear trend.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Luh Sri April Yanti, Ni Wayan Jeri Kusuma Dewi, I Gede Made Yudi Antara, Desak Made Dwi Utami Putra, Putu Wirayudi Aditama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Medium Range Meteorological Drought Prediction Based on SPEI-3 Using Ensemble Machine Learning and Deep Learning in North West Province, South Africa
Meteorological drought monitoring is a pivotal action in everyday humankinds’ activities around the globe. It evaluates atmospheric conditions using weather observation instruments to measure atmospheric variables. Due to the highly sophisticated atmospheric environment, errors in drought monitoring and uncertain observation have been observed. Therefore, this research paper develops a lightweight Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) framework to forecast medium term meteorological drought in North West, South Africa using Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index at 3 -months (SPEI-3) timescale. This time scale reflects moisture deficits directly impacting agricultural production, early warning decisions and water management. The dataset used in this research study was obtained from South African Weather Services through a formal data request submission and not publicly accessible over a period of 10 years. Furthermore, the dataset consists of 20085 data entries and 11 data columns collected from 10 weather stations. The proposed models include SVR-RF, and, CNN-LSTM-ANN, compared to benchmark models, such as SVR, RF, CNN, LSTM, ANN, CNN-LSTM evaluated using statistical metrics, such as MSE, MAE, and . The results demonstrated irregular drought patterns during the defined period with SPEI-3 values clustered below normal conditions. Similarly, validation results showed that SVR demonstrated strong predictive performance with competitive MSE of 0.28, low MAE of 0.34 and of 0.86. Although, the proposed CNN-LSTM-ANN and SVR-RF models did not exhibit competitive performance compared to benchmarking models, the result provides valuable comprehension, data collection, distribution, architecture, and computational power
Copyright (c) 2025 Reatlegile Phiri, Bukohwo Michael Esiefarienrhe , Ibidun Christiana Obagbuwa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Sentiment Analysis of BRImo Reviews on Google Play Store Using SVM and KNN
The rapid growth of digital banking has increased user interaction through mobile banking apps such as BRImo (Bank Rakyat Indonesia). Google Play Store reviews provide valuable insight into app quality, but their unstructured format makes manual analysis inefficient. This study analyzes user sentiment toward BRImo and compares the performance of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) for sentiment classification. Reviews were collected using Google Play Scraper from May 2024 to May 2025, yielding 15,945 raw reviews. After cleaning (removing duplicates, symbols, links, emojis) and language filtering, 15,233 valid reviews remained. Sentiment labels were generated using two lexicon-based methods: INSET and VADER. Using INSET, the data consisted of 6,238 positive, 4,987 negative, and 4,383 neutral reviews, producing 11,225 reviews for modeling. Using VADER, 10,496 positive, 2,903 negative, and 1,834 neutral reviews were obtained, totaling 13,399 reviews. Datasets were split into 80% training and 20% testing with stratified sampling. Features were extracted using TF-IDF unigrams. Classification was performed using linear SVM and KNN, with the optimal K=3 selected via Grid Search. Models were evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation, reporting mean accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score (macro-average for INSET; weighted-average for VADER due to class imbalance). Results show SVM consistently outperforms KNN, achieving 98.36% mean accuracy and 98.34% mean F1-score on INSET, and 95.59% mean accuracy and 95.56% mean F1-score on VADER. Overall, BRImo user sentiment is predominantly positive, and findings can guide developers in improving app stability and quality
Copyright (c) 2025 Olivia Sutriani Jelni, Made Leo Radhitya, Gede Wirya Wardhana, Dewi, Ni Made Mila Rosa Desmayani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Sentiment Analysis of Public Opinion on Pi Network on Reddit Using FinBERT
The rapid growth of blockchain technology has led to the emergence of new cryptocurrencies, including Pi Network, which emphasizes accessibility through mobile-based mining. This study aims to answer the research question of whether FinBERT, a financial domain-specific transformer model, can effectively classify public sentiment in informal Reddit discussions related to Pi Network. FinBERT was first evaluated on a labeled financial sentiment dataset to assess its performance in a structured financial context before being applied to Reddit data. Model performance was measured using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. After validation, the model was used to analyze one thousand twenty Reddit comments discussing Pi Network. Text preprocessing included cleaning, case folding, tokenization, stopword removal, stemming, and sequence standardization. The evaluation results show that FinBERT achieved an accuracy of eighty-five point ninety-eight percent on the financial validation dataset, with strong precision and recall across sentiment classes. When applied to Reddit comments, neutral sentiment was the most dominant, followed by positive and negative sentiments. Pi Network was selected as the case study because, unlike more established cryptocurrencies, it is still in an early stage of development and relies heavily on community participation, making public opinion particularly important for understanding its adoption and credibility
Copyright (c) 2025 Sindy Indira Wiguna, Adhitia Erfina, Cecep Warman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Smart Waste Bin Prototype for University Waste Management
Background: Waste mismanagement remains a critical issue in Indonesian campuses, where ineffective segregation and collection practices contribute to environmental pollution. Smart technologies offer opportunities to improve waste handling efficiency and monitoring in university environments. Methods: This study developed a smart waste bin prototype that integrates Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, machine learning–based image classification (MobileNetV2 with TensorFlow Lite), GPS tracking, and LoRa communication. The system was designed to classify three types of waste—plastic bottles, snack packaging, and cans—while enabling fill-level monitoring, automated sorting, and real-time location reporting. Results: Experimental results showed strong classification accuracy for plastic bottles (100%), but lower performance for snack packaging (53–80%) and cans (40–67%), especially in low-light conditions or with darker materials. The overall real-time testing accuracy reached 45.1%. LoRa communication provided long-range connectivity but was affected by electromagnetic interference, while GPS tracking was reliable in open areas but inconsistent indoors. Conclusions: The prototype demonstrates the feasibility of integrating AI and IoT for scalable campus waste management. Despite environmental and hardware limitations, it offers a modular framework that can be refined with improved lighting, EMI shielding, and enhanced datasets. This research contributes a practical model for smart campus initiatives and supports the adoption of sustainable waste management practices in higher education environments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fauzy Fathrurahman, Dolly Indra, Tasrif Hasanuddin, Herdianti Darwis, Tanaka Kazuaki https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Comparison of Naïve Bayes and Random Forest in Sentiment Analysis of State-Owned Banks Management by Danantara on X and YouTubeComparison of Naïve Bayes and Random Forest in Sentiment Analysis of State-Owned Banks Management by Danantara on X and YouTube
The advancement of digital technology has increased public engagement in expressing opinions and responding to issues on social media platforms such as X and YouTube. A prominent topic of recent public debate concerns Danantara's management of state-owned banks. This study analyzes public sentiment regarding this issue by comparing the performance of the Naïve Bayes and Random Forest classification methods. A dataset comprising 25,565 entries was collected from both platforms between January 2025 and May 2025. The data underwent text pre-processing, labeling with the InSet Lexicon, and feature weighting using term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF). The dataset was split at 80:20, and class imbalance was addressed using the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) prior to classification. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. The results demonstrate that Random Forest performed stably, achieving 84% accuracy both before and after sampling. In contrast, Naïve Bayes achieved 74% accuracy before sampling, which increased to 79% after sampling. These findings suggest that Random Forest is more robust to data imbalance than Naïve Bayes, which is more susceptible to bias toward the majority class.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Wayan Indah Juliandewi, Aniek Suryanti Kusuma, Kompiang Martina Dinata Putri, I Gusti Agung Indrawan, I Gusti Ayu Agung Mas Aristamy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Transfer Learning with VGG-16 for Image Classification of Endemic Papuan Orchids
This study applies a transfer-learning approach using the VGG16 architecture to classify three Papuan endemic orchid species—Dendrobium spectabile, Dendrobium lineale, and Dendrobium mirbelianum. A total of 810 field-photographed images were collected, followed by preprocessing and data augmentation to enhance data diversity. The VGG16 model pretrained on ImageNet was used as a fixed feature extractor by freezing its convolutional layers and removing the fully connected layers, while a custom classification head was added to distinguish among the three species. Experimental results demonstrated a validation accuracy of 94.44% and a macro-average F1-score of 0.94, confirming the robustness of the model under limited-data conditions. These findings suggest that transfer learning using VGG16 can effectively support orchid species recognition and serve as a foundation for developing AI-based biodiversity monitoring and conservation systems in Indonesia
Copyright (c) 2025 Iftinan Mardhiyyah, Christian D. Suhendra, Agustina Y. S. Arobaya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Comparative Analysis of Speech-to-Text APIs for Supporting Communication of the Deaf Community
Hearing impairment can have a profound impact on the mental and emotional state of sufferers, as well as hinder communication and delay in accessing information directly that relies on interpreters. Advances in assistive technology, especially speech recognition systems that are able to convert spoken language into written text (speech-to-text). However, its implementation faces various challenges related to the level of accuracy of each speech-to-text Application Programming Interface (API), thus requiring an appropriate deep learning model. This study serves to analyze and compare the performance of speech-to-text API services (Deepgram API, Google API and Whisper AI) based on Word Error Rate (WER) and Words Per Minute (WPM), to determine the most optimal API in a web-based real-time transcription system using the JavaScript programming language and Glitch.com. The three API services were tested by calculating their error rates and transcription speeds, then evaluated to see how low the error accuracy rate was and how high the transcription speed was. On average, Whisper AI had a WER of 0% across all word categories, but its speed was lower than the other two APIs. Deepgram API displayed the best balance between accuracy and speed, with an average WER of 13.78% and 67 WPM. Google API performed stably, but its WER value was slightly higher than Deepgram API. In conclusion, based on the results, Deepgram API was deemed the most optimal for live transcription, as it is capable of producing fast and error-free transcriptions, significantly increasing the accessibility of information for the deaf community.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anik Nur Handayani, Hariyono Hariyono, Ahmad Munjin Nasih, Rochmawati Rochmawati, Imanuel Hitipeuw, Harits Ar Rosyid, Jevri Tri Ardiansah, Rafli Indar Praja, Ahmad Nurdiansyah, Desi Fatkhi Azizah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Application Of K-Means Clustering Algorithm to Identify the Best-Selling Digital Printing Services
The digital printing industry in Indonesia is experiencing rapid growth thanks to the increasing demand from companies for printing services such as banners, stickers, brochures, and business cards. CV. Copy Paste is one of the companies operating in the digital printing industry that fulfills various printing orders every month. However, the company has difficulty identifying the most popular printing services, which makes it difficult to develop a targeted promotional strategy. In view of this problem, the aim of this study is to group digital printing services according to their popularity using the K-Means Clustering method. This study uses a quantitative approach, collecting sales data from the last 12 months, covering 160 types of services. The steps taken include preliminary data processing, namely attribute selection, data cleaning, and data transformation so that it can be effectively processed using the K-Means algorithm, implemented in the Python programming language. The test results show that digital printing services can be divided into three clusters: 115 less popular services (C1), 31 fairly popular services (C2), and 14 very popular services (C3). The results of this study provide information that can be used as a basis for strategic decisions regarding promotion and service management. In this way, the K-Means Clustering algorithm has proven effective in helping companies group products in a more objective and measurable way based on historical data.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ana Fatahali Ramadhan; Sudin Saepudin, Carti Irawan, Mupaat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Indonesian Cross-Platform Sentiment Analysis: DANN Transfer from General Applications to TradingView
Introduction: Cross-platform sentiment analysis for Indonesian language presents significant challenges when adapting models from general applications to specialized domains. Domain Adversarial Neural Networks (DANN) offer promising solutions for transfer learning, yet their effectiveness for Indonesian language remains largely unexplored, particularly under extreme class imbalance conditions common in trading platforms. Methods: This study investigates DANN effectiveness for transferring sentiment analysis knowledge from four strategically selected source domains to TradingView trading platform. The research utilizes 5,990 Indonesian reviews after preprocessing from an initial 6,000 samples, with source domains showing 66.5% positive sentiment while target domain exhibits 85.1% positive sentiment, creating an 18.7% distribution gap. Four experimental approaches were compared with statistical validation across multiple random initializations: Source-Only training, Multi-Domain training, Limited Target training, and DANN implementation. Results: DANN demonstrates stable cross-platform adaptation, achieving 87.77% ± 0.97% accuracy with consistent performance across initializations, outperforming Source-Only baseline (87.10% ± 0.84%) and Multi-Domain approach (86.98% ± 0.64%). While Limited Target baseline achieves higher accuracy (88.10% ± 2.23%), its high variance poses deployment risks. A-distance analysis reveals substantial domain gaps (193.00 ± 1.06), with DANN's adversarial training achieving modest domain separation reduction (72.90% ± 8.81% domain discrimination accuracy). Conclusions: This research contributes the first systematic evaluation of DANN for Indonesian cross-platform sentiment analysis, demonstrating that deployment consistency outweighs peak accuracy for production environments. The findings provide practical value for Indonesian fintech startups requiring robust sentiment analysis with limited labeled data. Future work should explore multi-target adaptation and optimization strategies for diverse Indonesian business domains
Domain adaptation; Indonesian sentiment analysis; Cross-platform transfer; DANN; Statistical validation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muh. Rifqi Zulkifli, Purnawansyah, Herdianti Darwis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Integrating Clustering Models and RCA to Identify Emerging Textile Export Destinations for Indonesia
This research investigates the strategic identification of new export destinations for Indonesian textile products by integrating international market segmentation and product competitiveness analysis. The study employs clustering techniques (K-Means, K-Medoids, and Hierarchical) validated through Silhouette and Davies-Bouldin indices to classify 149 countries based on trade indicators (import growth, trade balance, global market share), economic indicators (population, purchasing power parity, industrial proportion to GDP), and trade barrier indicators (logistics performance index, geographic distance, free trade agreements). Complementarily, the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) framework is applied to evaluate Indonesia’s product-level competitiveness in the global textile market. The results reveal that export opportunities are can be concentrated in 20 countries across Europe, Asia, Africa, the Caribbean, and Melanesia, characterized by positive import growth, significant trade deficits, large market capacities, and relatively low trade barriers. Moreover, Indonesia demonstrates high comparative advantages in artificial and synthetic fibbers, wigs, and leather footwear, while apparel products such as suits, shirts, knitwear, and brassieres represent moderately competitive but globally demanded items. The study concludes that Indonesia’s export strategy should balance high purchasing power markets and emerging economies with high import dependency.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Glenn Yunifer, Samidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Application of the DeepSurv Model to Predict Survival in Patients with Kidney Failure Undergoing Hemodialysis
This study aims to improve survival prediction in patients with kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis, given their high mortality risk. Traditional models such as Cox Proportional Hazards (Cox PH) have limitations in capturing complex and nonlinear relationships in clinical data. Therefore, this study applies DeepSurv, a deep learning–based survival model, and compares its performance with Cox PH and Cox PH Spline. A total of 300 patients were included, with 165 events and 135 censored observations. The data were split into training and testing sets. DeepSurv was implemented using two hidden layers (64 and 32 neurons), a dropout rate of 0.2, and a learning rate of 1e-3. The model was trained for up to 1000 epochs with early stopping at epoch 435. Performance was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index) and time-dependent AUC at 365, 544, and 730 days. Patients were stratified into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups based on predicted scores. Results showed that Cox PH achieved a C-index of 0.913 and average AUC of 0.964, while Cox PH Spline reached 0.917 and 0.971. DeepSurv achieved a C-index of 0.920 and average AUC of 0.969. Performance differences were small, but DeepSurv provided consistent individual risk estimates. In conclusion, DeepSurv is a flexible approach with performance comparable to Cox-based models. Further external validation and clinical evaluation are needed before wider application
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizki Amanda, Aviolla Terza Damaliana, Muhammad Idhom, Muhamad Liswansyah Pratama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Automated Waste Image Classification with Weighted Scoring Using MobileNetV2 on the OLSAM Platform
This study presents the development of an automated waste image classification system for the OLSAM platform to enhance community participation in waste management. The objective is to integrate a lightweight CNN-based classifier with a weighted point calculation mechanism for five waste categories. A dataset of 1,500 images was used, split into 80% training, 10% validation, and 10% testing. The MobileNetV2 architecture was applied to perform image classification, while a weighted reward mechanism assigned points based on the detected waste type and its weight. The model achieved its best performance at epoch 65, reaching an accuracy of 96.67% and a weighted F1-score of 0.97. These results indicate that combining CNN-based recognition with a weighted point system effectively supports user engagement and promotes sustainable waste-sorting behavior within community waste management systems.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kartika Nur Anggraeni, Arin Yuli Astuti, Ismail Abdurrozzaq Zulkarnain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Sentiment Classification and Influential Actor Detection on Twitter (Case Study: The Raja Ampat Mining Conflict)
The nickel mining conflict in Raja Ampat has attracted extensive public attention due to the region’s global ecological significance and the potential environmental risks posed by extractive activities. Social media platforms, particularly Twitter, have become important spaces for public discussion and opinion exchange regarding this issue. This study aims to analyze public sentiment and identify influential actors in online discussions of the Raja Ampat mining conflict by integrating sentiment analysis and Social Network Analysis (SNA). This study adopts a cross-sectional design using Indonesian-language tweets collected between 15-27 November 2025. A total of 11,671 tweets were obtained through keyword-based crawling, and after preprocessing and duplicate removal, 8,909 tweets were retained for analysis. Sentiment labeling was performed using a lexicon-based approach, categorizing tweets into positive, neutral, and negative classes. The dataset was divided using an 80:20 train–test split. Sentiment classification was conducted using Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Naive Bayes algorithms. Model performance was evaluated using confusion matrix–based metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Social Network Analysis was carried out by constructing a directed interaction network based on mentions, replies, and retweets, with influential actors identified using degree and betweenness centrality measures. The results indicate that neutral sentiment dominates the discourse (51.58%), followed by negative and positive sentiments. SVM and Naive Bayes demonstrate more stable classification performance than KNN, while network analysis shows that influence is concentrated among a limited number of central actors
Copyright (c) 2026 Micguel Arter Imbiri, Lorna Yertas Baisa, Josua Josen A. Limbong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
A Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network and Bidirectional LSTM Architecture for Multi-Sector Export Forecasting: A Macroeconomic Time Series Analysis of Indonesia
Accurately predicting export values is key for a country in formulating its economic plans. Unfortunately, export data often exhibits complex time series patterns that are difficult to predict, characterized by non-linearity, high volatility, and complex temporal dependencies. This study offers a solution by testing a combined deep learning model, specifically a fusion of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM), to address the challenges of export time series forecasting. This study uses this approach to forecast Indonesia's monthly export time series data from 2016 to 2023, covering various sectors ranging from oil and gas, non-oil and gas, agriculture, industry, mining, and others. The core idea is to leverage the CNN's ability to identify hidden features within time series patterns, while the BiLSTM is tasked with understanding the temporal flow of data from both directions to capture the inherent long-term temporal dependencies within economic time series data. As a result, this combined model proved to be far superior to the standard BiLSTM model in handling the complexity of export time series. In the Non-Oil and Gas sector, the proposed model achieved a high level of accuracy with an MSE value of 3,330,239.74, an RMSE of 1,824.89, and an average prediction error (MAPE) of only 8.17%, representing a significant improvement of 69% over the baseline BiLSTM model. Similar success was also found in all other sectors, proving that this hybrid approach is highly promising for complex economic time series analysis
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurmisba Nurmisba, Desi Anggreani, Aedah Abd Rahman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
A Website-Based Management Information System For Pratama Sidhi SAI Clinic
Healthcare services in Indonesia currently need to be improved given Indonesia's dense population, which results in patient queues at health service facilities. This is due to several factors, one of which is the manual processing of health data, as is the case at the Sidhi Sai Pratama Clinic. This research aims to improve healthcare services and provide easy access to information for both clinic staff and patients. The stages of this research method are needs analysis, system design, implementation, and testing. In the needs analysis stage, data was collected through direct observation and interviews with one of the clinic staff. The system design stage was carried out by creating a system flowchart and database model required to ensure the clinic's needs for the system were met. The results of the study showed that the system can run effectively in terms of managing patient data, patient medical records, and managing medication data. Based on the results of testing using the black box testing method, all features in the system are functioning well according to the objectives. With this system, it is hoped that the problem of patient queues can be overcome by providing effective and efficient healthcare services
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Made Diah Nandita Pangestu, Made Leo Radhitya, Made Wahyu Adhiputra, I Made Subrata Sandhiyasa, I Putu Agus Eka Darma Udayana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Artificial Intelligence (AI) using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) for Sales Prediction in Campus Minimarkets
This study applies Artificial Intelligence (AI) using the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm to predict daily sales at the FIKOM-UMI Minimarket. Sales data from 2023 to 2024 involving 82 items were used and processed into a time series format. Five LSTM architectural scenarios were tested, including baseline, bigger model, lightweight, bidirectional LSTM, and single-layer medium, to identify the most effective model in capturing sales patterns. The data underwent preprocessing stages, including daily aggregation, reindexing to fill missing dates, and normalization using MinMaxScaler before being transformed into sequences with a 30-day time step. Model performance was evaluated using MSE, RMSE, MAPE, and accuracy metrics. The results show that the Bidirectional LSTM (Scenario 4) achieved the best performance, with the lowest MAPE of 19.43% and the highest accuracy of 80.57%. The model successfully generated stable predictions for 7-day and 30-day forecasting with a range of 153–155 units per day, indicating consistent sales patterns. Testing on the top 10 best-selling items showed significant performance variation, with GARUDA ROSTA BWNG 100 Gram achieving the highest accuracy (46.97%), while aoka rasa pandan showed the lowest performance (-76.05%). These findings demonstrate that the LSTM model can be effectively applied for sales prediction in campus minimarkets; however, a hybrid approach with product segmentation is recommended to optimize inventory management across product categories with varying levels of predictability
Copyright (c) 2026 Harlinda L, Abdul Rachman Manga, Ramdan Satra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Sarcasm and Irony Detection in Lazada App Reviews Using IndoBERT
Digital technology has reshaped consumer behavior, particularly in e-commerce, where Google Play Store reviews provide rich feedback but often include sarcasm and irony that conventional sentiment models misread. This study proposes an Indonesian sarcasm–irony detection model using IndoBERT, a transformer pre-trained on Indonesian corpora. A dataset of 1,998 Lazada app reviews was collected via web scraping and preprocessed through text cleaning, tokenization, and stopword removal with the Sastrawi library. IndoBERT was fine-tuned to classify reviews into three classes: sarcasm, irony, and literal. Performance was assessed using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and a confusion matrix. The model achieved 96.40% accuracy, with F1-scores of 0.9725 (sarcasm), 0.9675 (irony), and 0.9267 (literal). Word cloud visualizations revealed distinct lexical patterns across classes, supporting IndoBERT’s ability to capture contextual cues behind implicit sentiment. The findings indicate IndoBERT is effective for advanced opinion mining in Indonesian e-commerce, with potential applications in customer feedback monitoring, surfacing hidden complaints, and improving recommendation systems beyond surface polarity. Limitations include reliance on a single platform (Google Play) and text-only input, without modeling non-textual signals such as emojis or punctuation intensity. Future work should test cross-platform generalization, incorporate non-textual cues, and apply data augmentation to reduce class imbalance, particularly for the less frequent literal class, to improve robustness for real-world deployment
Copyright (c) 2025 Nabila Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Vehicle Detection Using YOLOv8 on Low-Resolution Images
Vehicle detection in low-resolution images remains a significant challenge in computer vision, particularly for embedded devices such as ESP32-CAM with limited computational resources and simple image resolution. This study evaluates the performance of YOLOv8 on low-resolution QVGA (320 × 240 pixels) images for vehicle detection and classification. The dataset was independently collected in a controlled laboratory environment using miniature vehicles, covering four vehicle classes (motorcycle, car, bus, and truck) with a total of 4,000 images and a 70:20:10 data split. A pretrained YOLOv8 model was fine tuned for 100 epochs and tested on an ESP32-CAM prototype. The evaluation results demonstrate excellent performance, achieving precision of 0.999, recall of 1.000, mAP@0.5 of 0.995, and mAP@0.5-0.95 of 0.995 on the validation data, as well as real-time detection accuracy of 97% for motorcycles and cars, and 99% for buses and trucks. These findings indicate that YOLOv8 can deliver reliable vehicle detection performance on low-resolution images and is suitable for implementation in embedded device-based systems
Copyright (c) 2026 Nifal, Farniwati Fattah, Andi Widya Mufila Gaffar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Zero-Shot Sentiment Analysis Of DeepSeek AI App Reviews Using DeepSeek-R1
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) approach using the DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-1.5B model in performing sentiment classification on Indonesian-language reviews of the DeepSeek AI application from the Google Play Store. A total of 2,000 unlabeled user reviews were collected and processed through instructional prompts to guide the model in classifying sentiments into three categories: positive, negative, and neutral. The model operates without fine-tuning and relies entirely on Zero-Shot Learning using Indonesian-language prompts. Out of 2,000 reviews, 1,348 were successfully classified with valid sentiment labels. Of these, 1,131 reviews (83.9%) were labeled as positive, 211 reviews (15.7%) as negative, and only 6 reviews (0.4%) as neutral. Evaluation results indicated an overall accuracy of 77.67%. The F1-Score for the positive class reached 86.66%, while the negative and neutral classes scored 33.56% and 16.66%, respectively, highlighting the performance disparity between dominant and underrepresented sentiment categories. These findings demonstrate that the DeepSeek-R1 model has strong potential in detecting positive sentiment in Indonesian without requiring additional training. However, its performance on negative and neutral sentiments remains limited, revealing the challenge of handling low-resource and imbalanced data in Zero-Shot settings. Future research should explore improved prompt engineering or multilingual adaptation to address the current limitations and enhance classification consistency across all sentiment categories
Copyright (c) 2025 Restu sri Pamungkas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Classification of Cavendish Banana Ripeness With CNN Method
Cavendish bananas are one of the most widely consumed tropical fruits in Indonesia due to their sweet taste and high nutritional content. However, as they ripen, the sugar content in bananas increases, which can be a problem for diabetics. To help diabetics choose bananas with the right level of ripeness, this study developed a Cavendish banana ripeness classification model using artificial intelligence technology, namely the ResNet50 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture. The banana data is divided into five ripeness categories: green, yellowish green, yellow, spotted yellow, and spotted brownish yellow. The model was trained with two approaches, with and without data augmentation, using two types of training algorithms (optimizers), namely Adam and SGD, as well as a k-fold cross-validation method to ensure accurate results. The results showed that the ResNet50 model produced the highest accuracy of 98% when trained using data augmentation and the Adam optimizer with a learning rate setting of 0.0001.
Tjokorda Istri Agung Pandu Yuni Maharani
Hybrid CNN-LSTM and Cox Model for Bipolar Risk Analysis Using Social Media Data
Introduction: Mental disorders such as bipolar disorder are becoming increasingly prominent, particularly with the rise of emotional expression through social media. Early detection remains a significant challenge due to the lack of non-invasive, real-time assessment methods. Methods: This study proposes a hybrid deep learning approach combining Convolutional Neural Network–Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM) and the Cox Proportional Hazards (Cox PH) model to analyze the risk and timing of bipolar disorder onset. A dataset of 3,511 tweets from 517 Twitter users was collected. The CNN-LSTM model classified bipolar risk levels based on text data, while the Cox PH model estimated the time-to-event for high-risk conditions using behavioral features and predicted risk labels. Results: The hybrid model demonstrated strong predictive performance. The risk label significantly influenced the time to high-risk condition (hazard ratio = 5.39, p < 0.005). The model achieved a concordance index (C-index) of 0.816, indicating high reliability in survival prediction. Conclusions: This case study highlights the potential of integrating deep learning and survival analysis for early bipolar disorder detection using social media data. The proposed non-invasive method can support mental health monitoring while raising awareness of ethical and privacy considerations